| Synonyms | Small inducible cytokine A4, CCL4, Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-beta, MIP-1- beta, MIP-1-beta（1-69）, T-cell activation protein 2, ACT-2, PAT 744, H400, SIS-gamma, Lymphocyte activation gene 1 protein, LAG-1, HC21, G-26 T-lymphocyte-secreted protein, chemokine （C-C motif） ligand 4, ACT2, G-26, LAG1, MIP1B, SCYA4, AT744.1, MGC104418, MGC126025, MGC126026. |
| Introduction | Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins belong to the family of chemotactic cytokines known as chemokines. In humans, there are two major forms, MIP-1a and MIP-1b that are now also named CCL3 and CCL4. Both factors are produced by macrophages after they are stimulated with bacterial endotoxins. MIP-1a and MIP-1b activate human granulocytes （neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils） which can lead to acute neutrophilic inflammation. MIP-1a and MIP-1b induce synthesis and release of other pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 （IL-1）, IL-6 and TNF-alpha from fibroblasts and macrophages. CCL3 and CCL4 genes are both located on human chromosome 17. |
| Description | Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1 beta Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 69 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 7620 Dalton.
The CCL4 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. |
| Source | Escherichia Coli. |
| Physical Appearance | Sterile Filtered White lyophilized （freeze-dried） powder. |
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a concentrated （1 mg/ml） solution in water containing no additives. |
| Solubility | It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1b in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100μg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions. |
| Stability | Lyophilized MIP-1b although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution CCL4 should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein （0.1% HSA or BSA）.
Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Purity | Greater than 99.0% as determined by（a） Analysis by RP-HPLC.
（b） Analysis by SDS-PAGE. |
| Amino acid sequence | The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be, Ala-Pro-Met-Gly-Ser. |
| Biological Activity | The Activity is calculated by the ability to chemoattract Human blood monocytes using a concentration of 5-20 ng/ml. |
| Usage | ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals. |
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